|
|
Annual weeds in turfgrassBy Richard C. Snell Barton County Extension Agent, agriculture If henbit and other broadleaf winter annual weeds such as chickweed and shepherd's purse have been a problem in your lawn, wait until mid- to late October before using a post-emergent herbicide. That way you can be fairly certain they will have germinated and will have developed some leaf area so they can take up the herbicide. Dandelions are also in this winter annual group, but are much easier to kill and they usually germinate earlier in October. Dandelions are one of the few that can be killed with 2,4-D alone. All of these are called winter annuals, however, we get most calls about them when they flower in early to mid-spring and thus are very noticeable. These weeds are much less noticeable in the fall than they will be in spring, but they will be difficult to control if you delay action until next spring. With all the moisture we have had, they should come up good this fall. In the spring, not only is control difficult, but they have already robbed moisture from your lawn and out-competed grass. Also, the visual reason you don't want the weeds has already occurred and once they have flowered, they will still set seed, even if you kill them. Products that have a combination of 2,4-D, MCPP or MCPA and dicamba, such as trimec, are most effective against these weeds. These come in dry or liquid formulations. In the fall, I like to use the weed and feed combinations with fertilizer that you can put on with a dry spreader. If you don't mind spending more money, Barricade is a long lasting product with a broad spectrum of control. It can last all year, but if you water a lot, it may run out in mid-summer if you apply it in the fall. Keep in mind that a healthy, dense lawn is the best prevention against invasion by these weeds. Reduce soybean harvest losses Soybeans are the most valued grain or oil seed we have in price per bushel. Although prices are way down from last year, every bushel of soybeans lost in the field costs you $8 or more. Take that times all your acres and that can be a serious amount of money. On a state basis, we are looking at over $600 million dollars total. By doing a good job at harvest, farmers can add several thousand dollars to their income. Unfortunately, thousands of bushels of Kansas-grown soybeans never reach the bin because of harvest losses. Studies have shown that average harvest losses are about 10 percent. Although some losses are inevitable because soybeans are difficult to harvest, farmers could cut them in half by paying close attention to combining operations. Anything over 1.5 bushels lost is unacceptable. Getting the beans into the machine is a big problem, because of the height of the soybean plant and where the beans are located on the plant. Since soybeans pods are near the ground, farmers must cut lower than they do with other crops. Soybeans also can shatter even under the best of harvest conditions and when they get too dry this can be really bad. Here are ways farmers can cut their losses: Cutterbar height--A farmer can lose about $6 per acre for every inch the cutter bar is operated above ground level, up to about 6 inches. So, keep that cutter bar as low as possible. Pickup reels are almost a necessity when combining soybeans. Also, I suggest that a "flex head" (flexible-floating cutter bar) is superior to the regular floating cutter bar in harvesting soybeans. A producer who has the rigid platform used for cutting wheat or other small grains might be dollars ahead by hiring a custom harvester with a flex head. The flex head can be used on drilled or 30-inch row beans. If your beans are all in 30 inch rows, a soybean head or row-crop head can be used to your advantage. Ground speed--The faster the combine travels, the higher the losses will be. These days, machines are good enough to allow 5 miles per hour and still do a good job. Reel speed--The reel speed should be 1.25 times the ground speed or 25 percent higher. This a place where gathering can be a problem and soybeans lost. Timely harvest--Soybeans are a crop where you had better be out there harvesting when the moisture is dry enough. They can shatter easily when over-dry. So, be out there at 13.5 percent moisture, if not sooner.
Copyright/Privacy
Copyright 1995-2011. High Plains Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved. Any republishing of these pages, including electronic reproduction of the editorial archives or classified advertising, is strictly prohibited. If you have questions or comments you can reach us at High Plains Journal 1500 E. Wyatt Earp Blvd., P.O. Box 760, Dodge City, KS 67801 or call 1-800-452-7171. Email: webmaster@hpj.com |
|
