0715kstate_dairyupdatePR1_l.cfm U.S. dairies make progress in production
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U.S. dairies make progress in production

Today's dairies use fewer resources and have less waste output than those of 60 years ago, according to a Cornell University study.

The study found that dairy farming in 2007 produced 24 percent of the manure and 43 percent of the methane output per gallon of milk compared to farming in 1944. Modern dairy systems use 10 percent of the land, 23 percent of the feedstuffs and 35 percent of the water required to produce the same amount of milk in 1944.

Jude Capper, lead author of the study, and Roger Cady, a scientist at Elanco who contributed to the study, will present their research during a July 31, webcast from extension.

Extension is an educational partnership comprised of land grant universities across the country. Kansas State University Research and Extension is a partner in eXtension.

The webcast will highlight research on calculating the carbon footprint of animal agriculture, especially in dairies. The researchers will emphasize the role of production efficiency.

The free educational webcast is from the Livestock and Poultry Environmental Learning Center of Extension. Webcast speakers include: Capper is an assistant professor of dairy sciences at Washington State University. Her post-doctoral research at Cornell focused on ruminant lipid metabolism and modeling the environmental impact of dairy production. She has worked with colleagues to show the environmental impact of dairy production.

The group's current project evaluates the contribution made by various on-farm management practices (such as age at first calving, cow longevity and somatic cell count) to the environmental impact of milk production. She intends to extend the work to develop equivalent models for beef production.

Cady is a senior technical consultant at Elanco Animal Health. He received a Ph.D. in animal breeding from Cornell University. Cady spent two years working as a post-doctoral research assistant at the University of Guelph where he developed the prototype sire-evaluation program for the Ontario Calving Ease Report. Cady has served as an extension dairy specialist at the University of New Hampshire and Washington State University and worked at Monsanto before joining Elanco.


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Records 2
Reader Comments
Jude Capper — 07/28/2009 03:07:09
AndyH-

Interesting, but inaccurate point re: dairy animals as by-products. As recently as 30 years ago (1975) the surplus calves all went into veal production (USDA/NASS) - nowadays 12.9% of animals in feedlots originate from dairy operations (NAHMS). Indeed, I was talking with a feedlot owner last week whose operation contains only dairy heifers. Movement of these animals to beef production acts as a carbon credit to dairying in that they save the beef industry from having to have a bigger national herd.

I'd be interested to know whether you have actually read the paper (available as open-access on the Journal of Animal Science website) and which co-products you think have been omitted from the analysis?

The paper was not 'co-produced' nor funded by either Elanco or Monsanto. Dr Cady spent 18 years in academia (UNH, WSU) before moving to industry and is one of only ~4 acknowledged experts in dairy population dynamics in the USA.

Finally, the overwhelming majority of scientific research shows that organic dairy systems have lower yields than their conventional counterparts. The paper does not state that organic systems have yields of 5,000 lb/cow, but that the broad characteristics of the 1944 system are similar to those of modern organic systems. You seem to have taken this too literally.

Reader Comments
AndyH — 07/26/2009 07:07:40
Completely left out of this analysis is the benefits of the dairy system to the meat chain, and the. In our past and in much of the rest of the world, meat is raised almost entirely from by-product calves from the dairy industry. Our ultra-high culling rates and wearing out a cow in 2-3 lactations (6 is the average for less intense system) means that we've got many more replacement haifers waiting in the wings than would be needed if the cows were used longer.

Additionally, this study, co-produced by the makers of BST (with incredible stakes in saying "all is well and improved today"), takes a stab at systems that don't buy their philosiphy. They state " Interestingly, many of these characteristics (low-yielding, pasture-based, no antibiotics, inorganic fertilizers, or chemical pesticides) are similar to those of modern organic systems." The characteristics of the 1944 system, i.e. yields of 5000lb mil k is simply untrue of non-conventional production today.

Other research is showing that intense dairy systems are not improving the "greenness" of the industry, and and you think a little outside the barn, and consider the the co-products of the dairy system (standard in all environmental assessment), you'll get a less clear picture than they paint in this article, and you might see that they are a little biased in what they include and exclude from their analysis to indicate that all is improving.

(Arsenault, et al, 2008)
(Martin and Seeland, 1999)

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